Reasons for incomplete menstruation after medical abortion

Incomplete menstrual bleeding after medical abortion may be related to factors such as incomplete uterine involution, residual uterine cavity, infection, endocrine disorders, and coagulation dysfunction. Incomplete menstrual bleeding after medical abortion usually presents with symptoms such as bleeding lasting more than 10 days, varying amounts of bleeding, and accompanied by dull pain in the lower abdomen or backache. It is recommended to seek medical treatment in time, clarify the cause of the disease through ultrasound examination, hormone level testing, etc., and carry out targeted treatment under the guidance of a doctor.

1. Incomplete uterine involution

Uterine atony after medical abortion may lead to incomplete uterine involution, incomplete endometrial stripping or delayed vascular closure. This condition often manifests itself as a small amount of persistent dark red bleeding, which may be accompanied by a slight sinking feeling. Your doctor may recommend using oxytocin injections to promote uterine contractions, or taking motherwort granules to help the uterus recover. Apply appropriate heat to the lower abdomen every day to avoid strenuous exercise.

2. Remaining uterine cavity

Pregnancy tissue residue is a common cause of abnormal bleeding after medical abortion, and the residue may affect endometrial repair. Patients may experience intermittent bleeding with expulsion of blood clots, and abnormal echoes in the uterine cavity may be seen on ultrasound. For a small amount of residue, the doctor may prescribe biochemical pills combined with mifepristone tablets to treat ； If there is too much residue, curettage may be required. Care must be taken to clean the perineum after surgery, and bathing in the tub is prohibited for 1 month.

3. Infection

Improper care after medical abortion may cause endometritis or pelvic inflammatory disease, and inflammatory stimulation can lead to abnormal uterine bleeding. This type of bleeding is often accompanied by foul-smelling discharge, fever, or lower abdominal tenderness. After diagnosis, the doctor may prescribe cefixime dispersible tablets combined with metronidazole tablets for anti-infective treatment. In severe cases, intravenous medication is required. During treatment, the vulva should be kept dry, sexual intercourse should be avoided, and pure cotton underwear should be changed daily.

4. Endocrine disorders

The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis function does not recover in time after pregnancy termination, which may cause fluctuations in estrogen levels and bleeding. This bleeding is often irregular and may last for several weeks. Your doctor may recommend taking ethinyl estradiol and cyproterone tablets to regulate your cycle, or progesterone capsules to promote endometrial transformation. You should maintain a regular daily routine and properly supplement with vitamin E capsules to help restore ovarian function.

5. Coagulation dysfunction

Preexisting blood system diseases or hyperfibrinolysis secondary to medical abortion may lead to abnormal coagulation, manifested as persistent bright red bleeding that is difficult to stop. The diagnosis needs to be confirmed through four coagulation tests. Treatment may involve hemostatic drugs such as tranexamic acid tablets. In severe cases, coagulation factor infusion may be required. Patients should avoid bumps, observe skin ecchymosis and other bleeding tendencies, and refer to the hematology department for treatment if necessary.

During abnormal bleeding after medical abortion, it is recommended to maintain 8 hours of sleep a day and avoid lifting heavy objects or standing for long periods of time. In your diet, you should choose high-iron foods such as animal liver, spinach, etc., and use vitamin C tablets to promote iron absorption. You can drink brown sugar ginger tea to warm the uterus, but it should not be excessive to avoid increasing the amount of bleeding. The ultrasound needs to be reviewed after two weeks regardless of whether the bleeding has stopped. If symptoms of anemia such as fever, large blood clots, or dizziness occur during this period, you should see a doctor immediately. Sexual intercourse and swimming are prohibited within 1 month after surgery. Use a shower to clean the perineum and change sanitary napkins every 2-3 hours.